Tom Clancy's bogus big-bang theory:
"The Sum of All Fears" pretends to be a serious exploration of
nuclear terrorism, but it's really nothing more than warmed-over Cold War
paranoia.
by Charles Taylor
After Sept. 11, magazine and newspaper editors and the
producers of TV and radio talk shows were obscenely eager to get film critics
and movie industry insiders to pontificate on how the terrorist attacks would
change movies. Editors and producers, whose jobs depend on sniffing out trends,
have never understood that trends are not the same thing as real change. Focused
on increasing readership and ratings, they want to react to events as they
happen. Thought is secondary.
It didn't matter that movie production and release schedules
are decided months in advance and that we would still be seeing movies that had
been made or begun before Sept. 11 for a year or so after the event. They don't
want to know that it sometimes takes months, or even years, for changes and the
reasons behind those changes to become apparent. The people who run the print
and broadcast media wanted sage-sounding "think pieces" before the
dust had even settled in New York and Washington and Pennsylvania. I know of one
editor who decided that "Monsters, Inc.," "Harry Potter and the
Sorcerer's Stone" and "The Lord of the Rings" proved that
Hollywood was now retreating into comforting fantasy in response. She wasn't
deterred by the fact that all three of those movies had been completed before
the terrorist attacks.
That's why the smartest people asked to prognosticate on how
Sept. 11 would change movies admitted they didn't know -- or just didn't say
anything. They realized that this event was too serious to turn yourself into
another talking head over (or writing head, if that makes any sense). If it's
possible to say that anything has changed at this early date, it's not so much
movies as the spin around them. When Warner Bros. decided to postpone the
release of Collateral Damage," in which a firefighter goes after the
terrorists who have killed his family, the star, Arnold Schwarzenegger, went on
talk shows to support the studio's decision, saying it wasn't the right time for
people to see the movie. By the time the movie was finally released in early
spring, Schwarzenegger had switched modes, telling interviewers that audiences
wanted to see Americans triumphing over terrorism.
Spin is the reason that a stiff, dour, unimaginative spy
snoozer like "The Sum of All Fears," the latest installment of Tom
Clancy's Jack Ryan thrillers, is being sold as a serious and "timely"
piece of filmmaking. That's how it appeared to be taken by some of my colleagues
at a New York press screening last week, and I can only guess that, for them, it
touched a nerve. But if there's anything disturbing about "The Sum of All
Fears," it's how the same old crap can achieve topical cachet.
"The Sum of All Fears" deals with a plot by
terrorists to pit America and Russia against each other and, with the
superpowers in shambles, step in and take over. It's a device familiar from
previous spy pictures and espionage fiction. And the fact that Sept. 11 happened
doesn't mean that it need never be employed again. Nobody is now likely to watch
a 007 movie where Bond is working to defeat some supervillain's scheme for world
domination and feel that it's uncomfortably close to real events. At the time I
saw "The Sum of All Fears" I was happily reading one of Peter
O'Donnell's Modesty Blaise thrillers in which terrorists plot to blow up the
Golden Gate Bridge at rush hour. There was nothing in the book's good-guys-vs.-bad-guys
plot that now felt callous.
I'd never argue that entertainments or commercial pictures
can't deal with serious issues. (The best contemporary crime fiction addresses
the question of how people choose to live in a world defined by violence. And
the best espionage writers -- Eric Ambler, Geoffrey Household, John le Carré
and, currently, Alan Furst and Joseph Kanon -- manage, within their
entertainments, to give a sense of the complexities and contingencies of
international conflict.)
But when reality has outstripped fiction, a movie that claims
to be working above the level of a mere thriller -- a movie that trades
in images of mass destruction -- now needs to be operating at the highest
possible level if it's going to be something besides exploitation.
About an hour into the picture, the terrorists, a group of
fascists working under the direction of their Nazi leader (played by Alan
Bates), detonate a nuclear bomb in the middle of a Baltimore football stadium.
The disaster images come suddenly and quickly: glass being blown out in a
hospital, a landscape being reduced to dust, a helicopter being jolted out of
the sky by shock waves. The director, Phil Alden Robinson ("Field of
Dreams"), doesn't linger on them. He doesn't pump up the destruction with
dramatic music. The only injured we see come later, in a few brief scenes in
hospitals and first-aid tents. Robinson's approach is tasteful, but only as
tasteful as a thoroughly unconscionable piece of moviemaking can be.
"The Sum of All Fears" isn't a serious attempt to
deal with our vulnerability to terrorism, or to address how established channels
of power can bring us to the brink. It's the same damn Tom Clancy picture that's
been churned out since "The Hunt for Red October," as humorless and
gray and dour as its predecessors. There are good actors everywhere you look in
"The Sum of All Fears": Alan Bates, Colm Feore, Ciarán Hinds, Philip
Baker Hall, Ron Rifkin, James Cromwell, Bruce McGill, Lisa Gay Hamilton. But we
might as well be watching Lloyd Nolan or Whit Bissell or any number of bland,
anonymous character actors who populated military and sci-fi films of the '50s
and '60s. (I guess Hal Holbrook was otherwise engaged.)
Of all these people, only Liev Schreiber manages to give a
performance, bringing some snap and rhythm to his line readings. (I'm beginning
to suspect that Schreiber is incapable of giving a bad performance.) If your
idea of a good time is a bunch of boring men in suits sitting around conference
rooms discussing possible military responses, the picture is hog heaven. It's a
movie for people who aren't ready for Clausewitz but who have graduated from
Stratego and the 3-D version of Battleship.
What distinguishes "The Sum of All Fears" from the
other Jack Ryan movies isn't that this time Ben Affleck has taken over from
Harrison Ford -- who took over from Alec Baldwin -- as a younger, single Ryan.
(The running gag is that national business keeps Ryan from canoodling with his
new sweetie, played by Bridget Moynahan.) Instead of wise CIA wonk, Ryan is here
an unproven young Company analyst who wins the favor of the agency director
(Morgan Freeman, in his dull "official" mode of acting). The real
difference is that this time, the filmmakers can point to a terrorist attack
actually having taken place on American soil as proof of its doomsday veracity.
That's a godsend for the self-serious tone Clancy movies always take. And with
Clancy himself acting as one of the executive producers, he can ensure that the
"urgency" of his scenarios is accorded the proper respect.
Since "The Sum of All Fears" fails as drama, one
must ask whose idea of entertainment this is. I've never enjoyed movies that
portray the end -- or the potential end -- of the world. At least when you see
destroyed cities at the end of George Pal's and Byron Haskin's 1953 film of
"The War of the Worlds," images of the Taj Mahal or the Eiffel Tower
in ruins, the filmmakers treat them with the gravity of seeing something sacred
annihilated. They aren't there simply for a thrill, the way they are in
"Armageddon" where Michael Bay cuts to the destruction of a city
whenever he wants to charge up the audience. That "The Sum of All
Fears" aspires to something beyond Bay's frank whorishness, that it claims
to be giving us the destruction of Baltimore for something above entertainment,
makes it worse, more dishonest.
If the reactions of my colleagues are any indication, and if
the fact that, in some cities, Paramount screened rough cuts of the movie for
critics to start beating the drum for its high purpose, then "The Sum of
All Fears," whether or not it's judged a failure, is going to be treated as
if it were a cautionary tale along the lines of "Fail-Safe" or
"Seven Days in May." Whatever the faults of those movies, they were
still made with a certain seriousness of purpose and a certain relevant
plausibility.
Liberals who've been turned off by Clancy may take to the
movie's depiction of the United States and Russia as still being so suspicious
of one another that they almost launch World War III. But to buy into "The
Sum of All Fears" you have to believe that the Soviets -- sorry, the
Russians -- still pose an enormous threat. Defenders may point to the report
that, following the Sept. 11 attacks, Russian President Vladimir Putin wanted to
convey to Washington that Russia had nothing to do with them. Did anyone, in or
out of Washington, entertain the possibility for a minute? Despite the movie's
use of neofascist terrorists, it can't resist trading in the hoariest Cold War
clichés.
The solution the movie proposes for the blinkered view of
those in power is more and better intelligence, and this may give the movie even
more cachet. The headlines of the past few weeks make the failure of our
national intelligence-gathering operations impossible to deny. But if you saw
Tom Clancy interviewed by Judy Woodruff on CNN on Sept. 11, the glibness of that
solution may not sit so well. What was Clancy even doing there? Well, Woodruff
explained, he'd written a novel envisioning this scenario. (So did every other
espionage writer, from the first-rate ones to the hacks. Would CNN have welcomed
the writers of DC comics to discuss whether Superman could have prevented the
attacks?)
Clancy spent his time assuring Woodruff that what we were
seeing was due to the gutting of American intelligence because of the reporting
of the liberal media. What was offensive wasn't his position that, whatever the
cause, American intelligence wasn't doing its job. It was the smugness with
which Clancy delivered the message. He was beyond such human emotions as shock
or outrage or devastation. The dead weren't even cold and he was converting them
to political capital, proof that he was right. What linked Clancy's response to
later responses to Sept. 11 by his political opposites, like Susan Sontag and
Noam Chomsky, was the absolute conviction that they could have foreseen this all
along, that nothing in it demanded a new way of responding or any rethinking of
assumptions.
The clumsiness of "The Sum of All Fears" lies less
in such hoary devices as a muffled cellphone being the only way to access the
director of the CIA at a crucial moment. It has to do with a moral clumsiness,
the way it reduces the most serious of topics to a strategy game. Robinson even
blows what could have been a stinging moment, modeled on a famous scene from
"The Godfather," in which the various superpowers deal with their
respective enemies. It's presented for the audience to cheer, instead of
advancing the notion that our safety means accepting the idea that our
intelligence services will have to carry out some dirty deeds.
And if the filmmakers think they've treated the nuclear
destruction of an American city with sufficient seriousness, they may be in for
a surprise. When the inevitable bootleg videos of "The Sum of All
Fears" make their way to the streets of the Middle East, I'm sure that the
depiction of superpowers so bumbling they're ripe for terrorists, and the sight
of Baltimore going kablooey, will warm the heart of any al-Qaida member who gets
his hands on one.
contributed by Marguerite
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